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…deaf ears, and while he accepted their oral history as evidence, Justice Allen McEachern concluded that it held no weight. In his now infamous ruling, he concluded that the Gitksan…

…Essays in Celebration of the Twenty-Fifth American Indian Workshop, eds. Barbara Saunders and Lea Zuyderhoudt (New York: Cornell University Press, 2004), 80. 10 Halpin, 35. 11 Vickers, 60. 12 Halpin,…

…plan to include Aboriginal rights so extensively within the constitution when the Act was being redrafted in the early 1980s. Early drafts and discussions during the patriation of the Canadian…

…At that time, instead of having its own constitution, Canada was governed by the British North America (BNA) Act. The Canadian Constitution fell under British law, which meant that only…

…people across Canada. As such, the Musqueam band decided to defend to the charge against Sparrow. They outlined five main arguments: That the Musqueam retained the right to fish on…

…Hawthorn to investigate the social conditions of Aboriginal peoples across Canada. In his report, A Survey of the Contemporary Indians of Canada: Economic, Political, Educational Needs and Policies, Hawthorn concluded…

…may be a deliberate act on their part to position and present themselves as someone who is defined by federal legislation. “Indian Band” is also a legal term under the…

…rights, serving as a source of information for bands across the province, and building capacity for Aboriginal communities.2 The UBCIC also holds a special consultative status with the Economic and…

…organization that many believe successfully balanced province- and nation-wide organized political action with on-the-ground community involvement. The BC IHA provided advocacy and outreach work in response to issues experienced by…