Land O

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The White Paper 1969

…end, the white paper proposed to Eliminate Indian status Dissolve the Department of Indian Affairs within five years Abolish the Indian Act Convert reserve land to private property that can…

Oral Traditions

…often teach important lessons about a given society’s culture, the land, and the ways in which members are expected to interact with each other and their environment. The passing on…

Royal Proclamation, 1763

…ownership over North America is issued to King George. However, the Royal Proclamation explicitly states that Aboriginal title has existed and continues to exist, and that all land would be…

Calder Case

…Supreme Court’s 1973 decision was the first time that the Canadian legal system acknowledged the existence of Aboriginal title to land and that such title existed outside of, and was…

Aboriginal Rights

…government added specific pieces of discriminatory legislation in the Indian Act that made it illegal for Aboriginal people to organize politically or to hire legal counsel to further land claims….

Guerin Case

…legal representation.1 They consented to the deal regardless. After the DIA obtained their consent, DIA representatives re-negotiated the deal with the Club and leased the land on substantially different terms…

Marginalization of Aboriginal women

…across many First Nations were responsible for land holdings and allocation of resources—they controlled access to certain areas as well as distribution of its products. Ultimately, however, as women’s roles…

Aboriginal Identity & Terminology

…a strong and spiritual connection to the land and other cultural traditions. Identification based on connection to land and territory can become very difficult, however, for communities who have lost…

Constitution Act, 1982 Section 35

…and Métis peoples of Canada. (3) For greater certainty, in subsection (1) “treaty rights” includes rights that now exist by way of land claims agreements or may be so acquired….

UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

…while systematically denying “hard rights,” such as rights to land.5 Over 2009 and 2010, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States reversed their positions, and now support the UNDRIP….