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…was not until 1980 that the Child, Family and Community Services Act required social workers to notify the band council if an Aboriginal child were removed from the community.5 An…

…the individuals and the communities affected. In 1951, with the amendments to the Indian Act, the half-day work/school system was progressively abandoned, conceding power to the provinces to apprehend children,…

…across different communities, to applying to multiple identities that have arisen from diverse historical instances of Aboriginal-European heritage. Métis Identity Métis peoples have developed a rich material culture, which includes…

…the basis of their continued existence as peoples, in accordance with their own cultural patterns, social institutions and legal systems. The above definition distinguishes Indigenous peoples from the settlers, colonizers,…

…of Indian and Northern Affairs maintained a register of all people with Indian status registered under the Indian Act. Generally, those who were registered were also band members. However, the…

…(1) The existing aboriginal and treaty rights of the aboriginal peoples of Canada are hereby recognized and affirmed. (2) In this Act, “aboriginal peoples of Canada” includes the Indian, Inuit…

…a forest utilization site containing a CMT created prior to 1846 is protected by law.10 Today, Aboriginal peoples continue to create new CMTs as part of their cultural and economic…

…member states worried that accepting the UNDRIP as drafted would undermine their own political autonomy. Of particular concern were the articles affirming Indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination. However, many Indigenous…