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…at the same site, as well as across sites that differed in their ecological and physical conditions. In the Fraser River canyon, fishers stood on rocky outcroppings or wooden platforms,…

…that intended to terminate the cultural, social, economic, and political distinctiveness of Aboriginal peoples by absorbing them into mainstream Canadian life and values. The origins of the Indian Act: A…

…people has historically been designed to eradicate Aboriginal social and cultural difference, in particular through the Indian Act and the residential school system; for further discussion see Bonita Lawrence, “Real”…

…see our section on Aboriginal women & contemporary activism to continue reading. By Erin Hanson Recommended Resources for further reading Anderson, Kim and Bonita Lawrence, eds. Strong Women Stories: Native…

…cultures and lifeworlds. From the 1990s onward, the government and the churches involved—Anglican, Presbyterian, United, and Roman Catholic—began to acknowledge their responsibility for an education scheme that was specifically designed…

…forcibly separated children from their families for extended periods of time and forbade them to acknowledge their Aboriginal heritage and culture or to speak their own languages. Children were severely…

…of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1969. Available online via http://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/200/301/inac-ainc/indian_policy-e/cp1969_e.pdf Accessed December 2020. 12 Indian Association of Alberta. Citizens Plus. (“The Red Paper.”) Edmonton: Indian Association of Alberta, 1970….

…Métis and Inuit peoples as Indigenous peoples, and thus with constitutionally protected rights. See Section 35 of the Constitution Act for further information on this specific topic.) In keeping with…