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…meetings had been initiated involving local elders, chiefs and councillors. At one point Ovide Mercredi, then Grand Chief of the Assembly of First Nations (AFN), arrived to negotiate and attempt…

…lifestyles, whether within reserve communities or elsewhere. He also advocated ending all forced assimilation programs, especially the residential schools. (Hawthorn’s two-volume report can be read online here.) Based on Hawthorn’s…

…Mongrel Media: Thornhill, Ont, 2006. 90 min. Sources Used Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, “Background of Ipperwash.” https://www.cbc.ca/news2/background/ipperwash/ Canadian Press,“Ontario Set to Give Up Ipperwash.” CBC News. 1 March 2010. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ontario-set-to-give-up-ipperwash-1.892907 Ipperwash…

…Canadian government agreed to specifically recognize Aboriginal rights within the new constitution. The Outcome of the Constitution Express – Section 35 is added By late January 1982, and after extended…

…while setting standards for national governments regarding Indigenous peoples’ economic, socio-cultural and political rights, including the right to a land base. The convention is law within the nation-states that have…

…to rights in existence when the Constitution Act, 1982 came into effect; it does not revive extinguished rights. An existing aboriginal right cannot be read so as to incorporate the…

…was a founding member, as well as the Native Women’s Association of Canada. Not long after, Indian Rights for Indian Women was also formed with Dr Charlie’s guidance, based upon…

…treaty rights are hereby recognized and affirmed” in Section 35. Section 35 had been added to the Constitution in 1982 to protect Aboriginal rights. However, those rights had yet to…